Sunflower Seeds

Sunflowers belong to the species helianthus annuus. It is a beautiful flower used for house decoration and is often used in floral arrangements. It is one of the most popular flowers that are cultivated on a large scale, predominantly for commercial purposes. The seeds of the sunflower plants are very valuable and are used in the production of oil, butter and are also eaten as a snack. The seeds were originally cultivated in Mexico and Peru. Americans have also been using them for more than 5,000 years. They are more desirable as a healthy snack than as part of a meal. However, there are many dishes wherein they can be used as garnishes or even as a basic ingredient.

Sunflower seeds help to relieve constipation as they add fiber, vitamins and minerals to the diet. They contain omega-6 fatty acid and can be consumed grounded or added to homemade salad dressing or morning cereal. It helps to maintain regularity or proper functioning of the digestive system.

The sunflower seeds are sold as in-shell seeds or shelled kernels. On processing in-shell seeds, they are dried and later can be roasted or dusted with salt or flour. It is done for preservation or adding flavor to the seeds. While consuming, the in-shell seeds have to be shelled before swallowing the kernel. In Mediterranean countries like Israel, the in-shell sunflower seeds are very popular. They are called "garinim" and can be bought freshly roasted in shops.

Shelled kernels are sunflower seeds that are mechanically processed to remove the hull. These kernels are sold raw or roasted. They are added to bread and other baked goods for their flavor. Sunflower seeds are a good source of dietary fiber, protein and Vitamin E. They also provide important minerals such as magnesium and selenium. They are high in cholesterol-lowering phytosterols and are also sold as food for pets and birds.

From a commercial point of view, sunflower seeds are classified by their husk pattern. If the husk has a black color, the seeds are called 'black oil sunflower seeds, and they are pressed to produce sunflower oil. In case the husks are striped, they have lower oil content. These sunflower seeds are used for food, and are called confectionery sunflower seeds.

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